Sensor: MERIS

MERIS

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Basic information

Name	MERIS
Full Name	Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer
Bands	15
Spectrum [nm]	407.5-905
Spat.Res. [m]	300-300
Inclination	68.5
Orbit Height	0
Orbit Type
Platform	Envisat
Operator	ESA
Date of Launch	0000-00-00
status
Comment	15 spectral bands, programmable in width and position, in the visible and near infra-red
Usable for Indices	yes
Description

Bands/Channels

Nr.	Name	Start WL	Middle WL	End WL	Sp.Rg.	Spat. Res.	Comment
1		407.5	412.5	417.5	10	300	Yellow substance, turbidity
2		437.5	442.5	447.5	10	300	Chlorophyll absorption maximum
3		485	490	495	10	300	Chlorophyll, other pigments
4		505	510	515	10	300	Turbidity, susp. sediment, red tides
5		555	560	565	10	300	Chlorophyll reference, susp. sediment
6		615	620	625	10	300	Suspended sediment
7		660	665	670	10	300	Chlorophyll absorption
8		677.5	681.25	685	7.5	300	Chlorophyll  uorescence
9		700	705	710	10	300	Atmospheric correction, red edge
10		750.5	753.75	758	7.5	300	Oxygen absorption reference
11		758.75	760	760.25	2.5	300	Oxygen absorption R-branch
12		767.5	775	782.5	15	300	Aerosols, vegetation
13		855	865	875	20	300	Aerosols corrections over ocean
14		885	890	895	10	300	Water vapour absorption reference
15		895	900	905	10	300	Water vapour absorption, vegetation

Indices

Nr.	Name	Specific Formula	Calculated	Comment
1	Adjusted transformed soil-adjusted VI	$1.22\frac{\mathrm{15}-1.229-0.03}{1.22\mathrm{15}+9-1.22·0.03+0.08\left(1+{1.22}^2\right)}$	Automatic
2	Ashburn Vegetation Index	$2.0\mathrm{15}-7$	Automatic
3	Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index	$\frac{\mathrm{15}-9-y\left(9-2\right)}{\mathrm{15}+9-y\left(9-2\right)}$	Automatic
4	Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index 2	$-0.18+1.17\left(\frac{\mathrm{15}-9}{\mathrm{15}+9}\right)$	Automatic
5	Blue-wide dynamic range vegetation index	$\frac{0.1\mathrm{15}-2}{0.1\mathrm{15}+2}$	Automatic
6	Canopy Chlorophyll Content Index	$\frac{\frac{\mathrm{15}-9}{\mathrm{15}+9}}{\frac{\mathrm{15}-\mathrm{Red}}{\mathrm{15}+\mathrm{Red}}}$	Automatic
7	Chlorophyll Green	${\left(\frac{\mathrm{12}}{5}\right)}^{\left(-1\right)}$	Automatic
8	Chlorophyll Index Green	$\frac{\mathrm{15}}{4}-1$	Automatic
9	Chlorophyll IndexRedEdge	$\frac{\mathrm{15}}{9}-1$	Automatic
10	Chlorophyll Red-Edge	${\left(\frac{\mathrm{12}}{9}\right)}^{\left(-1\right)}$	Automatic
11	Chlorophyll vegetation index	$\mathrm{15}\frac{9}{4^2}$	Automatic
12	Coloration Index	$\frac{9-2}{9}$	Automatic
13	Corrected Transformed Vegetation Index	$\frac{\left(\frac{9-4}{9+4}\right)+0,5}{\left|\left(\frac{9-4}{9+4}\right)+0,5\right|}·\sqrt{\left|\left(\left(\frac{9-4}{9+4}\right)\right)+0,5\right|}$	Automatic
14	CRI700	$4^{\left(-1\right)}-9^{\left(-1\right)}$	Automatic
15	Difference NIR/Green	$\mathrm{15}-4$	Automatic
16	Differenced Vegetation Index MSS	$2.4\mathrm{15}-7$	Automatic
17	Enhanced Vegetation Index	$2.5\frac{\mathrm{15}-9}{\left(\mathrm{15}+69-7.52\right)+1}$	Automatic
18	Enhanced Vegetation Index 2	$2.4\frac{\mathrm{15}-9}{\mathrm{15}+9+1}$	Automatic
19	Enhanced Vegetation Index 2	$2.5\frac{\mathrm{15}-9}{\mathrm{15}+2.49+1}$	Automatic
20	Ferric iron, Fe3+	$\frac{7}{5}$	Automatic
21	Global Environment Monitoring Index	$\left(\frac{2\left({\mathrm{15}}^2-9^2\right)+1.5\mathrm{15}+0.59}{\mathrm{15}+9+0.5}\left(1-0.25\frac{2\left({\mathrm{15}}^2-9^2\right)+1.5\mathrm{15}+0.59}{\mathrm{15}+9+0.5}\right)-\frac{9-0.125}{1-9}\right)$	Automatic
22	Green atmospherically resistant vegetation index	$\frac{\mathrm{15}-\left(4-\left(2-9\right)\right)}{\mathrm{15}-\left(4+\left(2-9\right)\right)}$	Automatic
23	Green leaf index	$\frac{24-9-2}{24+9+2}$	Automatic
24	Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index	$\frac{\mathrm{15}-5}{\mathrm{15}+5}$	Automatic
25	Green Optimized Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index	$\frac{\mathrm{15}-4}{\mathrm{15}+4+Y}$	Automatic
26	Green Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index	$\frac{\mathrm{15}-4}{\mathrm{15}+4+L}\left(1+L\right)$	Automatic
27	Green-Blue NDVI	$\frac{\mathrm{15}-\left(4+2\right)}{\mathrm{15}+\left(4+2\right)}$	Automatic
28	Green-Red NDVI	$\frac{\mathrm{15}-\left(4+9\right)}{\mathrm{15}+\left(4+9\right)}$	Automatic
29	Hue	$\arctan \left(\frac{29-4-2}{30.5}\left(4-2\right)\right)$	Automatic
30	Ideal vegetation index	$\frac{\mathrm{15}-b}{a·9}$	Automatic
31	Infrared percentage vegetation index	$\frac{\frac{\mathrm{15}}{\mathrm{15}+9}}{2}\left(\left(\frac{9-4}{9+4}\right)+1\right)$	Automatic
32	Intensity	$\left(\frac{1}{30.5}\right)\left(9+4+2\right)$	Automatic
33	Inverse reflectance 700	$9^{\left(-1\right)}$	Automatic
34	Log Ratio	$\log \left(\frac{\mathrm{15}}{9}\right)$	Automatic
35	Maccioni	$\frac{\mathrm{12}-9}{\mathrm{12}-8}$	Automatic
36	mCRIG	$\left(4^{\left(-1\right)}-5^{\left(-1\right)}\right)·\mathrm{15}$	Automatic
37	mCRIRE	$\left(4^{\left(-1\right)}-9^{\left(-1\right)}\right)·\mathrm{15}$	Automatic
38	MERIS Terrestrial chlorophyll index	$\frac{\mathrm{10}-9}{9-8}$	Automatic
39	Misra Green Vegetation Index	$-0.3865-0.5307+0.535\mathrm{10}+0.532\mathrm{15}$	Automatic
40	Misra Non Such Index	$0.4045-0.0397-0.505\mathrm{10}+0.762\mathrm{15}$	Automatic
41	Misra Soil Brightness Index	$0.4065+0.6007+0.645\mathrm{10}+0.243\mathrm{15}$	Automatic
42	Misra Yellow Vegetation Index	$0.7235-0.5977+0.206\mathrm{10}-0.278\mathrm{15}$	Automatic
43	Modified anthocyanin reflectance index	$\left(5^{\left(-1\right)}-9^{\left(-1\right)}\right)·\mathrm{15}$	Automatic
44	Modified Simple Ratio NIR/RED	$\frac{\left(\frac{\mathrm{15}}{9}\right)-1}{\sqrt{\left(\frac{\mathrm{15}}{9}\right)+1}}$	Automatic
45	Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index	$\frac{2\mathrm{15}+1-\sqrt{{\left(2\mathrm{15}+1\right)}^2-8\left(\mathrm{15}-9\right)}}{2}$	Automatic
46	new Double Difference Index	$2\left(9-\mathrm{11}-\mathrm{11}\right)$	Automatic
47	Nonlinear vegetation index	$\frac{{\mathrm{15}}^2-9}{{\mathrm{15}}^2+9}$	Automatic
48	Norm G	$\frac{4}{\mathrm{15}+9+4}$	Automatic
49	Norm NIR	$\frac{\mathrm{15}}{\mathrm{15}+9+4}$	Automatic
50	Norm R	$\frac{9}{\mathrm{15}+9+4}$	Automatic
51	Normalized Difference 782/666	$\frac{\mathrm{12}-7}{\mathrm{12}+7}$	Automatic
52	Normalized Difference 900/680	$\frac{\mathrm{15}-8}{\mathrm{15}+8}$	Automatic
53	Normalized Difference Green/Red	$\frac{4-9}{4+9}$	Automatic
54	Normalized Difference NIR/Blue	$\frac{\mathrm{15}-2}{\mathrm{15}+2}$	Automatic
55	Normalized Difference NIR/Green	$\frac{\mathrm{15}-4}{\mathrm{15}+4}$	Automatic
56	Normalized Difference NIR/Rededge	$\frac{\mathrm{15}-9}{\mathrm{15}+9}$	Automatic
57	Normalized Difference Red/Green	$\frac{9-4}{9+4}$	Automatic
58	Normalized Difference Vegetation Index 690-710	$\frac{\mathrm{15}-9}{\mathrm{15}+9}$	Automatic
59	Pan NDVI	$\frac{\mathrm{15}-\left(4+9+2\right)}{\mathrm{15}+\left(4+9+2\right)}$	Automatic
60	Ratio Analysis of Reflectance Spectra A2	$\frac{\frac{8}{9}}{\frac{\mathrm{r680}}{\mathrm{r700}}}$	Automatic
61	Red edge 1	$\frac{9}{8}$	Automatic
62	Red edge 2	$\frac{9-8}{9+8}$	Automatic
63	Red-Blue NDVI	$\frac{\mathrm{15}-\left(9+2\right)}{\mathrm{15}+\left(9+2\right)}$	Automatic
64	Red-Edge Position Linear Interpolation	$708,75+45\frac{\left(\frac{7+\mathrm{12}}{2}\right)-9}{\mathrm{10}-9}$	Manual
65	Reflectance at the inflexion point	$\frac{7+\mathrm{12}}{2}$	Automatic
66	Shape Index	$\frac{29-4-2}{4-2}$	Automatic
67	Simple Ratio 683/510	$\frac{8}{4}$	Automatic
68	Simple Ratio 700	$\frac{1}{9}$	Automatic
69	Simple Ratio 700/670	$\frac{9}{7}$	Automatic
70	Simple Ratio 710/670	$\frac{9}{7}$	Automatic
71	Simple Ratio 710/760	$\frac{9}{\mathrm{11}}$	Automatic
72	Simple Ratio 754/704	$\frac{\mathrm{10}}{9}$	Automatic
73	Simple Ratio 860/708	$\frac{\mathrm{13}}{9}$	Automatic
74	Simple Ratio 900/680	$\frac{\mathrm{15}}{8}$	Automatic
75	Simple Ratio NIR/700-715	$\frac{\mathrm{15}}{9}$	Automatic
76	Simple Ratio NIR/G	$\frac{\mathrm{15}}{4}$	Automatic
77	Simple Ratio NIR/RED	$\frac{\mathrm{15}}{9}$	Automatic
78	Simple Ratio NIR/Rededge	$\frac{\mathrm{15}}{9}$	Automatic
79	Simple Ratio Red/Blue	$\frac{9}{2}$	Automatic
80	Simple Ratio Red/Green	$\frac{9}{4}$	Automatic
81	Simple Ratio Red/NIR	$\frac{9}{\mathrm{15}}$	Automatic
82	Single Band 495	$3$	Automatic
83	Single Band 555	$5$	Automatic
84	Single Band 660	$7$	Automatic
85	Single Band 670	$7$	Automatic
86	Single Band 680	$8$	Automatic
87	Single Band 700	$9$	Automatic
88	Single Band 703	$9$	Automatic
89	Single Band 705	$9$	Automatic
90	Single Band 885	$\mathrm{14}$	Automatic
91	Soil and Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index 2	$2,5\frac{\mathrm{15}-9}{1+\mathrm{15}+69-7,52}$	Automatic
92	Soil Background Line	$\mathrm{15}-2.47$	Automatic
93	Soil-adjusted vegetation index 2	$\frac{\mathrm{15}}{9+\frac{b}{a}}$	Automatic
94	SQRT(IR/R)	$\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{15}}{9}}$	Automatic
95	Tasselled Cap - Green Vegetation Index MSS	$-0.2835-0.6607+0.577\mathrm{10}+0.388\mathrm{15}$	Automatic
96	Tasselled Cap - Non Such Index MSS	$-0.0165+0.1317-0.425\mathrm{10}+0.882\mathrm{15}$	Automatic
97	Tasselled Cap - Soil Brightness Index MSS	$0.3325+0.6037+0.675\mathrm{10}+0.262\mathrm{15}$	Automatic
98	Tasselled Cap - Yellow Vegetation Index MSS	$-0.8995+0.4287+0.076\mathrm{10}-0.041\mathrm{15}$	Automatic
99	Transformed NDVI	$\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{15}-9}{\mathrm{15}+9}+0.5}$	Automatic
100	Transformed Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index	$\frac{B\left(\mathrm{15}-B·9-A\right)}{9+B\left(\mathrm{15}-A\right)+X\left(1+B^2\right)}$	Automatic
101	Transformed Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index 2	$\frac{a·\mathrm{15}-a·9-b}{9+a·\mathrm{15}-a·b}$	Automatic
102	Transformed Vegetation Index	$\sqrt{\left(\left(\frac{9-4}{9+4}\right)\right)+0,5}$	Automatic
103	Vegetation Index 700	$\frac{9-7}{9+7}$	Automatic
104	Visible Atmospherically Resistant Index Green	$\frac{5-7}{5+7-3}$	Automatic
105	Visible Atmospherically Resistant Indices 700	$\frac{9-1,77+0,73}{9+2,37-1,33}$	Automatic
106	Visible Atmospherically Resistant Indices RedEdge	$\frac{9-7}{9+7}$	Automatic
107	Weighted Difference Vegetation Index	$\mathrm{15}-a·9$	Automatic
108	Wide Dynamic Range Vegetation Index	$\frac{0.1\mathrm{15}-9}{0.1\mathrm{15}+9}$	Automatic

Applications

Nr.	Name
1	Agriculture
2	Agriculture - Crop parameters
3	Agriculture - Precision Crop Management
4	Geology
5	Hyperspectral remote sensing - Red-edge position
6	Metal
7	Metal - Heavy metal contamination
8	Metal - Iron
9	Soil
10	Vegetation
11	Vegetation - Biomass
12	Vegetation - Cellulose
13	Vegetation - Chlorophyll
14	Vegetation - LAI
15	Vegetation - Lignin
16	Vegetation - Starch
17	Vegetation - Stress
18	Vegetation - Vitality
19	Vegetation - Water

References

Nr.	Author/Title	Year	Comment
1	Clevers, J. G. P. W.; De Jong, S. M.; Epema, G. F.; Van Der Meer, F. D.; Bakker, W. H.; Skidmore, A. K.; Scholte, K. H. - Derivation of the red edge index using the MERIS standard band setting	2002
2	Dash, J.; Curran, P. J. - The MERIS terrestrial chlorophyll index	2004
3	Dorigo, W. A.; Zurita-Milla, R.; de Wit, A. J. W.; Brazile, J.; Singh, R.; Schaepman, M. E. - A review on reflective remote sensing and data assimilation techniques for enhanced agroecosystem modeling	2007
4	Duveiller, Grégory; Weiss, Marie; Baret, Frédéric; Defourny, Pierre - Retrieving wheat Green Area Index during the growing season from optical time series measurements based on neural network radiative transfer inversion	2011
5	Gitelson, A. A.; Kaufman, Y. J.; Stark, R.; Rundquist, D. - Novel algorithms for remote estimation of vegetation fraction	2002
6	Gitelson, Anatoly A.; Merzlyak, Mark N.; Zur, Y.; Stark, R.; Gritz, U. - Non-destructive and remote sensing techniques for estimation of vegetation status	2001
7	Gitelson, Anatoly A.; Viña, Andrés; Arkebauer, Timothy J.; Rundquist, Donald C.; Keydan, Galina: Leavitt, Bryan - Remote estimation of leaf area index and green leaf biomass in maize canopies	2003
8	Gobron, N.; Pinty, B.; Verstraete, M. M.; Widlowski, J. L. - Advanced vegetation indices optimized for up-coming sensors: Design, performance, and applications	2000
9	Herrmann, I.; Pimstein, A.; Karnieli, A.; Cohen, Y.; Alchanatis, V.; Bonfil, D. J. - LAI assessment of wheat and potato crops by VENµS and Sentinel-2 bands	2011
10	Hüttich, Christian; Gessner, Ursula; Herold, Martin; Strohbach, Ben; Schmidt, Michael; Keil, Manfred; Dech, Stefan - On the Suitability of MODIS Time Series Metrics to Map Vegetation Types in Dry Savanna Ecosystems: A Case Study in the Kalahari of NE Namibia	2009
11	Richter, K.; Atzberger, C.; Vuolo, F.; Weihs, P.; D’Urso, G. - Experimental assessment of the Sentinel-2 band setting for RTM-based LAI retrieval of sugar beet and maize	2009
12	Zarco-Tejada P.J.; Miller J.R. - Land Cover Mapping at BOREAS using red edge spectral parameters from CASI imagery	1999
13	Zarco-Tejada P.J.; Sepulcre-Cantó, G. - REMOTE SENSING OF VEGETATION BIOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS FOR DETECTING STRESS CONDITION AND LAND COVER CHANGES	2007
14	Zarco-Tejada, P. J.; Miller, J. R.; Noland, T. L.; Mohammed, G. H.; Sampson, P. H. - Scaling-up and model inversion methods with narrow-band optical indices for chlorophyll content estimation in closed forest canopies with hyperspectral data	2001

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Visualisation of Indices

Sensor:

Indices:

Adjusted transformed soil-adjusted VI

Ashburn Vegetation Index

Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index

Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index 2

Blue-wide dynamic range vegetation index

Canopy Chlorophyll Content Index

Chlorophyll Green

Chlorophyll Index Green

Chlorophyll IndexRedEdge

Chlorophyll Red-Edge

Chlorophyll vegetation index

Coloration Index

Corrected Transformed Vegetation Index

CRI700

Difference NIR/Green

Differenced Vegetation Index MSS

Enhanced Vegetation Index

Enhanced Vegetation Index 2

Enhanced Vegetation Index 2

Ferric iron, Fe3+

Global Environment Monitoring Index

Green atmospherically resistant vegetation index

Green leaf index

Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

Green Optimized Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index

Green Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index

Green-Blue NDVI

Green-Red NDVI

Hue

Ideal vegetation index

Infrared percentage vegetation index

Intensity

Inverse reflectance 700

Log Ratio

Maccioni

mCRIG

mCRIRE

MERIS Terrestrial chlorophyll index

Misra Green Vegetation Index

Misra Non Such Index

Misra Soil Brightness Index

Misra Yellow Vegetation Index

Modified anthocyanin reflectance index

Modified Simple Ratio NIR/RED

Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index

new Double Difference Index

Nonlinear vegetation index

Norm G

Norm NIR

Norm R

Normalized Difference 782/666

Normalized Difference 900/680

Normalized Difference Green/Red

Normalized Difference NIR/Blue

Normalized Difference NIR/Green

Normalized Difference NIR/Rededge

Normalized Difference Red/Green

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index 690-710

Pan NDVI

Ratio Analysis of Reflectance Spectra A2

Red edge 1

Red edge 2

Red-Blue NDVI

Red-Edge Position Linear Interpolation

Reflectance at the inflexion point

Shape Index

Simple Ratio 683/510

Simple Ratio 700

Simple Ratio 700/670

Simple Ratio 710/670

Simple Ratio 710/760

Simple Ratio 754/704

Simple Ratio 860/708

Simple Ratio 900/680

Simple Ratio NIR/700-715

Simple Ratio NIR/G

Simple Ratio NIR/RED

Simple Ratio NIR/Rededge

Simple Ratio Red/Blue

Simple Ratio Red/Green

Simple Ratio Red/NIR

Single Band 495

Single Band 555

Single Band 660

Single Band 670

Single Band 680

Single Band 700

Single Band 703

Single Band 705

Single Band 885

Soil and Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index 2

Soil Background Line

Soil-adjusted vegetation index 2

SQRT(IR/R)

Tasselled Cap - Green Vegetation Index MSS

Tasselled Cap - Non Such Index MSS

Tasselled Cap - Soil Brightness Index MSS

Tasselled Cap - Yellow Vegetation Index MSS

Transformed NDVI

Transformed Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index

Transformed Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index 2

Transformed Vegetation Index

Vegetation Index 700

Visible Atmospherically Resistant Index Green

Visible Atmospherically Resistant Indices 700

Visible Atmospherically Resistant Indices RedEdge

Weighted Difference Vegetation Index

Wide Dynamic Range Vegetation Index

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