Sensor: AVHRR

AVHRR

Select other Sensor.

Basic information

Name	AVHRR
Full Name	Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer
Bands	6
Spectrum [nm]	580-12500
Spat.Res. [m]	1100-1100
Inclination	0
Orbit Height	0
Orbit Type
Platform	TIROS-N / NOAA / METOP
Operator	NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration)
Date of Launch	1978-10-13
status
Comment	NOAA-N (NOAA-18): Date of launch: 20 May 2005 NOAA-19: Date of launch: 6 Feb 2009
Usable for Indices	yes
Description

Bands/Channels

Nr.	Name	Start WL	Middle WL	End WL	Sp.Rg.	Spat. Res.	Comment
1	1	580	630	680	100	1100	Daytime cloud/surface mapping
2	2	725	912.5	1100	375	1100	Surface water delineation, ice and snow melt
3	3A	1580	1610	1640	60	1100	Snow / ice discrimination (NOAA K,L,M)
4	3 (or 3B)	3550	3740	3930	380	1100	Sea surface temperature, nighttime cloud mapping
5	4	10300	10800	11300	1000	1100	Sea surface temperature, day and night cloud mapping
6	5	11500	12000	12500	1000	1100	Sea surface temperature, day and night cloud mapping

Indices

Nr.	Name	Specific Formula	Calculated	Comment
1	Adjusted transformed soil-adjusted VI	$1.22\frac{2-1.221-0.03}{1.222+1-1.22·0.03+0.08\left(1+{1.22}^2\right)}$	Automatic
2	Aerosol free vegetation index 1600	$\left(2-0.66\frac{\mathrm{3A}}{2+0.66\mathrm{3A}}\right)$	Automatic
3	Ashburn Vegetation Index	$2.02-1$	Automatic
4	Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index 2	$-0.18+1.17\left(\frac{2-1}{2+1}\right)$	Automatic
5	Difference 800/680	$2-1$	Automatic
6	Difference 833/658	$2-1$	Automatic
7	Differenced Vegetation Index MSS	$2.42-1$	Automatic
8	Enhanced Vegetation Index 2	$2.4\frac{2-1}{2+1+1}$	Automatic
9	Enhanced Vegetation Index 2	$2.5\frac{2-1}{2+2.41+1}$	Automatic
10	Ferric Oxides	$\frac{\mathrm{3A}}{2}$	Automatic
11	Global Environment Monitoring Index	$\left(\frac{2\left(2^2-1^2\right)+1.52+0.51}{2+1+0.5}\left(1-0.25\frac{2\left(2^2-1^2\right)+1.52+0.51}{2+1+0.5}\right)-\frac{1-0.125}{1-1}\right)$	Automatic
12	Global Vegetation Moisture Index	$\frac{\left(2+0.1\right)-\left(\mathrm{3A}+0.02\right)}{\left(2+0.1\right)+\left(\mathrm{3A}+0.02\right)}$	Automatic
13	Gossan	$\frac{\mathrm{3A}}{1}$	Automatic
14	Ideal vegetation index	$\frac{2-b}{a·1}$	Automatic
15	Leaf Water Content Index	$\frac{\log \left(1-\left(2-\mathrm{MIDIR}\right)\right)}{-\log \left(1-\left(2-\mathrm{MIDIR}\right)\right)}$	Automatic
16	Log Ratio	$\log \left(\frac{2}{1}\right)$	Automatic
17	Mid-infrared vegetation index	$\frac{2}{\mathrm{3A}}$	Automatic
18	Modified Simple Ratio 670,800	$\frac{\frac{2}{1}-1}{\sqrt{\frac{2}{1}+1}}$	Automatic
19	Modified Simple Ratio NIR/RED	$\frac{\left(\frac{2}{1}\right)-1}{\sqrt{\left(\frac{2}{1}\right)+1}}$	Automatic
20	Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index	$\frac{22+1-\sqrt{{\left(22+1\right)}^2-8\left(2-1\right)}}{2}$	Automatic
21	Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index hyper	$\left(0.5\right)\left(\left(22+1\right)-\sqrt{{\left(22+1\right)}^2-8\left(2-1\right)}\right)$	Automatic
22	Nonlinear vegetation index	$\frac{2^2-1}{2^2+1}$	Automatic
23	Normalized Difference 750/650	$\frac{2-1}{2+1}$	Automatic
24	Normalized Difference 750/660	$\frac{\mathrm{750–660}}{2+1}$	Automatic
25	Normalized Difference 750/680	$\frac{2-1}{2+1}$	Automatic
26	Normalized Difference 774/677	$\frac{2-1}{2+1}$	Automatic
27	Normalized Difference 782/666	$\frac{2-1}{2+1}$	Automatic
28	Normalized Difference 790/670	$\frac{2-1}{2+1}$	Automatic
29	Normalized Difference 800/635	$\frac{2-1}{2-1}$	Automatic
30	Normalized Difference 800/650	$\frac{2-1}{2+1}$	Automatic
31	Normalized Difference 800/675	$\frac{2-1}{2+1}$	Automatic
32	Normalized Difference 800/680	$\frac{2-1}{2+1}$	Automatic
33	Normalized Difference 819/1600	$\frac{2-\mathrm{3A}}{2+\mathrm{3A}}$	Automatic
34	Normalized Difference 820/1600	$\frac{2-\mathrm{3A}}{2+\mathrm{3A}}$	Automatic
35	Normalized Difference 827/668	$\frac{2-1}{2+1}$	Automatic
36	Normalized Difference 833/658	$\frac{2-1}{2+1}$	Automatic
37	Normalized Difference 860/1640	$\frac{2-\mathrm{3A}}{2+\mathrm{3A}}$	Automatic
38	Normalized Difference 895/675	$\frac{2-1}{2+1}$	Automatic
39	Normalized Difference 900/680	$\frac{2-1}{2+1}$	Automatic
40	Normalized Difference MIR/NIR	$\frac{\mathrm{3A}-2}{\mathrm{3A}+2}$	Automatic
41	Normalized Difference NIR/MIR	$\frac{2-\mathrm{3A}}{2+\mathrm{3A}}$	Automatic
42	Normalized Difference NIR/Red	$\frac{2-1}{2+1}$	Automatic
43	Normalized Difference NIR/SWIR	$\frac{2-\mathrm{3A}}{2+\mathrm{3A}}$	Automatic
44	Normalized Difference Rededge/Red	$\frac{2-1}{2+1}$	Automatic
45	Normalized Difference Vegetation Index C	$\frac{2-1}{2+1}\left(1-\frac{\mathrm{3A}-\mathrm{SWIIRmin}}{\mathrm{SWIRmax}-\mathrm{SWIRmin}}\right)$	Automatic
46	Optimized Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index	$\left(1+0.16\right)\frac{2-1}{2+1+0.16}$	Automatic
47	Perpendicular Vegetation Index	$\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}\right)\left(2-\mathrm{ar}-b\right)$	Automatic
48	Ratio Analysis of Reflectance Spectra A3	$\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{\frac{\mathrm{r670}}{\mathrm{r800}}}$	Automatic
49	Ratio Analysis of Reflectance Spectra A4	$\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{\frac{\mathrm{r680}}{\mathrm{r800}}}$	Automatic
50	RDVI	$\frac{2-1}{{\left(2+1\right)}^{0.5}}$	Automatic
51	RDVI2	$\frac{2-1}{\sqrt{2+1}}$	Automatic
52	Reduced Simple Ratio	$\frac{2}{1}·\mathrm{MIRmax}-\frac{\mathrm{3A}}{\mathrm{MIRmax}}-\mathrm{MIRmin}$	Automatic
53	Reflectance at the inflexion point	$\frac{1+2}{2}$	Automatic
54	Renormalized Difference Vegetation Index	$\frac{2-1}{\sqrt{2+1}}$	Automatic
55	SAVImir	$\left(2-\mathrm{3A}\right)\frac{1+L}{2+\mathrm{3A}+L}$	Automatic
56	Simple Ratio 1599/819	$\frac{\mathrm{3A}}{2}$	Automatic
57	Simple Ratio 1600/820	$\frac{\mathrm{3A}}{2}$	Automatic
58	Simple Ratio 605/760	$\frac{1}{2}$	Automatic
59	Simple Ratio 678/750	$\frac{1}{2}$	Automatic
60	Simple Ratio 774/677	$\frac{2}{1}$	Automatic
61	Simple Ratio 800/600	$\frac{2}{1}$	Automatic
62	Simple Ratio 800/635	$\frac{2}{1}$	Automatic
63	Simple Ratio 800/650	$\frac{2}{1}$	Automatic
64	Simple Ratio 800/670	$\frac{2}{1}$	Automatic
65	Simple Ratio 800/675	$\frac{2}{1}$	Automatic
66	Simple Ratio 800/680	$\frac{2}{1}$	Automatic
67	Simple Ratio 801/670	$\frac{2}{1}$	Automatic
68	Simple Ratio 833/658	$\frac{2}{1}$	Automatic
69	Simple Ratio 900/680	$\frac{2}{1}$	Automatic
70	Simple Ratio MIR/NIR	$\frac{\mathrm{3A}}{2}$	Automatic
71	Simple Ratio MIR/Red	$\frac{\mathrm{3A}}{1}$	Automatic
72	Simple Ratio MIR/SWIR	$\frac{\mathrm{3A}}{\mathrm{3A}}$	Automatic
73	Simple Ratio NIR/MIR	$\frac{2}{\mathrm{3A}}$	Automatic
74	Simple Ratio NIR/RED	$\frac{2}{1}$	Automatic
75	Simple Ratio Red/NIR	$\frac{1}{2}$	Automatic
76	Simple Ratio Rededge/Red	$\frac{2}{1}$	Automatic
77	Simple Ratio SWIRI/NIR	$\frac{\mathrm{SWIRI}}{2}$	Automatic
78	Single Band 1020	$2$	Automatic
79	Single Band 1040	$2$	Automatic
80	Single Band 1580	$\mathrm{3A}$	Automatic
81	Single Band 635	$1$	Automatic
82	Single Band 640	$1$	Automatic
83	Single Band 655	$1$	Automatic
84	Single Band 660	$1$	Automatic
85	Single Band 670	$1$	Automatic
86	Single Band 675	$1$	Automatic
87	Single Band 680	$1$	Automatic
88	Single Band 735	$2$	Automatic
89	Single Band 801	$2$	Automatic
90	Single Band 850	$2$	Automatic
91	Single Band 885	$2$	Automatic
92	Single Band 910	$2$	Automatic
93	Single Band 930	$2$	Automatic
94	Single Band 970	$2$	Automatic
95	Single Band 990	$2$	Automatic
96	Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index	$\frac{2-1}{2+1+L}\left(1+L\right)$	Automatic
97	Soil and Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index	$\left(1+L\right)\frac{2-\left(\mathrm{Rr}-y\left(\mathrm{RB}-\mathrm{Rr}\right)\right)}{2+-\left(\mathrm{Rr}-y\left(\mathrm{RB}-\mathrm{Rr}\right)\right)+L}$	Automatic
98	Soil and Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index 3	$\left(1+0,5\right)\frac{2-1}{2+1+0,5}$	Automatic
99	Soil Background Line	$2-2.41$	Automatic
100	Soil Composition Index	$\frac{\mathrm{3A}-2}{\mathrm{3A}+2}$	Automatic
101	Soil-adjusted vegetation index 2	$\frac{2}{1+\frac{b}{a}}$	Automatic
102	Specific Leaf Area Vegetation Index	$\frac{2}{1+\mathrm{3A}}$	Automatic
103	SQRT(IR/R)	$\sqrt{\frac{2}{1}}$	Automatic
104	Transformed NDVI	$\sqrt{\frac{2-1}{2+1}+0.5}$	Automatic
105	Transformed Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index	$\frac{B\left(2-B·1-A\right)}{1+B\left(2-A\right)+X\left(1+B^2\right)}$	Automatic
106	Transformed Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index 2	$\frac{a·2-a·1-b}{1+a·2-a·b}$	Automatic
107	Weighted Difference Vegetation Index	$2-a·1$	Automatic
108	Wide Dynamic Range Vegetation Index	$\frac{0.12-1}{0.12+1}$	Automatic

Applications

Nr.	Name
1	Agriculture
2	Agriculture - Crop parameters
3	Agriculture - Crop yield
4	Agriculture - Land management
5	Agriculture - Precision Crop Management
6	Fire
7	Forestry
8	Forestry - Boreal
9	Geology
10	Hyperspectral remote sensing - Red-edge position
11	Metal
12	Metal - Iron
13	Oil
14	Soil
15	Vegetation
16	Vegetation - Biomass
17	Vegetation - Cellulose
18	Vegetation - Chlorophyll
19	Vegetation - LAI
20	Vegetation - Lignin
21	Vegetation - PAR
22	Vegetation - Protein
23	Vegetation - Starch
24	Vegetation - Stress
25	Vegetation - Sugar
26	Vegetation - Vitality
27	Vegetation - Water
28	Vegetation - Water stress

References

Nr.	Author/Title	Year	Comment
1	Baret, F.; Guyot, G.; Major, D. J. - Crop biomass evaluation using radiometric measurements	1989
2	Bastiaanssen, Wim G. M.; Molden, David J.; Makin, Ian W. - Remote sensing for irrigated agriculture: examples from research and possible applications	2000
3	Becker-Reshef, I.; Vermote, E.; Lindeman, M.; Justice, C. - A generalized regression-based model for forecasting winter wheat yields in Kansas and Ukraine using MODIS data	2010
4	Brown, Daniel G.; Duh, Jiunn-Der; Drzyzga, Scott A. - Estimating Error in an Analysis of Forest Fragmentation Change Using North American Landscape Characterization (NALC) Data	2000
5	Brunn, A.; Busch, W.; Dittmann, C.; Fischer, C.; Vosen, P. - Monitoring Mining Induced Plant Alteration and Change Detection in a German Coal Mining Area using Airborne Hyperspectral Imagery	2003
6	Ceccato, Pietro; Flasse, Stéphane; Tarantola, Stefano; Jacquemoud, Stéphane; Grégoire, Jean-Marie - Detecting vegetation leaf water content using reflectance in the optical domain	2001
7	Dorigo, W. A.; Zurita-Milla, R.; de Wit, A. J. W.; Brazile, J.; Singh, R.; Schaepman, M. E. - A review on reflective remote sensing and data assimilation techniques for enhanced agroecosystem modeling	2007
8	Duveiller, Grégory; Weiss, Marie; Baret, Frédéric; Defourny, Pierre - Retrieving wheat Green Area Index during the growing season from optical time series measurements based on neural network radiative transfer inversion	2011
9	Ferencz, C.; Bognar, P.; Lichtenberger, J.; Hamar, D.; Tarscai, G.; Timar, G.; Molnar, G.; Pasztor, S.; Steinbach, P.; Szekely, B.; Ferencz, O. E.; Ferencz-Arkos, I. - Crop yield estimation by satellite remote sensing	2004
10	Galvão, L. S.; Formaggio, A. R.; Tisot, D. A. - The influence of spectral resolution on discriminating Brazilian sugarcane varieties	2006
11	Gamon, J. A.; Peñuelas, J.; Field, C. B. - A narrow-waveband spectral index that tracks diurnal changes in photosynthetic efficiency	1992
12	Gitelson, Anatoly A. - Wide Dynamic Range Vegetation Index for Remote Quantification of Biophysical Characteristics of Vegetation	2004
13	Glenn, E. P.; Nagler, P. L.; Huete, A. R. - Vegetation Index Methods for Estimating Evapotranspiration by Remote Sensing	2010
14	Glenn, Edward; Huete, Alfredo; Nagler, Pamela; Nelson, Stephen - Review - Relationship Between Remotely-sensed Vegetation Indices, Canopy Attributes and Plant Physiological Processes: What Vegetation Indices Can and Cannot Tell Us About the Landscape	2008
15	Gobron, N.; Pinty, B.; Verstraete, M. M.; Widlowski, J. L. - Advanced vegetation indices optimized for up-coming sensors: Design, performance, and applications	2000
16	Herrmann, I.; Pimstein, A.; Karnieli, A.; Cohen, Y.; Alchanatis, V.; Bonfil, D. J. - LAI assessment of wheat and potato crops by VENµS and Sentinel-2 bands	2011
17	Huete, A. R.; Hua, G.; Qi, J.; Chehbouni, A.; van Leeuwen, W. J. D. - Normalization of multidirectional red and NIR reflectances with the SAVI	1992
18	Huete, A. R.; Jackson, R. D. - Soil and atmosphere influences on the spectra of partial canopies	1988
19	Huete, A. R.; Liu, H. Q.; Batchily, K.; van Leeuwen, W. - A comparison of vegetation indices over a global set of TM images for EOS-MODIS	1997
20	Huete, A.; Didan, K.; Miura, T.; Rodriguez, E. P.; Gao, X.; Ferreira, L. G. - Overview of the radiometric and biophysical performance of the MODIS vegetation indices	2002
21	Hüttich, Christian; Gessner, Ursula; Herold, Martin; Strohbach, Ben; Schmidt, Michael; Keil, Manfred; Dech, Stefan - On the Suitability of MODIS Time Series Metrics to Map Vegetation Types in Dry Savanna Ecosystems: A Case Study in the Kalahari of NE Namibia	2009
22	Jackson, Ray D.; Huete, Alfredo R. - Interpreting vegetation indices	1991
23	Leprieur, C.; Kerr, Y. H.; Pichon, J. M. - Critical assessment of vegetation indices from AVHRR in a semi-arid environment	1996
24	Metternicht, G. - Vegetation indices derived from high-resolution airborne videography for precision crop management	2003
25	Moran, M. S.; Inoue, Y.; Barnes, E. M. - Opportunities and limitations for image-based remote sensing in precision crop management	1997
26	Moulin, S.; Bondeau, A.; Delecolle, R. - Combining agricultural crop models and satellite observations: from field to regional scales	1998
27	Penuelas, J.; Pinol, J.; Ogaya, R.; Filella, I. - Estimation of plant water concentration by the reflectance Water Index WI (R900/R970)	1997
28	Peñuelas, J.; Gamon, J. A.; Fredeen, A. L.; Merino, J.; Field, C. B. - Reflectance indices associated with physiological changes in nitrogen- and water-limited sunflower leaves	1994
29	Peñuelas, Josep; Gamon, John A.; Griffin, Kevin L.; Field, Christopher B. - Assessing community type, plant biomass, pigment composition, and photosynthetic efficiency of aquatic vegetation from spectral reflectance	1993
30	Pinder, J. E.; McLeod, K. W. - Indications of relative drought stress in longleaf pine from Thematic Mapper data	1999
31	Pinty, B.; Verstraete, M. M. - GEMI: a non-linear index to monitor global vegetation from satellites	1992
32	Ricotta, Carlo; Avena, Giancarlo; De Palma, Alessandra - Mapping and monitoring net primary productivity with AVHRR NDVI time-series: statistical equivalence of cumulative vegetation indices	1999
33	Schlerf, M.; Atzberger, C.; Hill, J. - Remote sensing of forest biophysical variables using HyMap imaging spectrometer data	2005
34	Shibayama, Michio; Salli, Arto; Häme, Tuomas; Iso-Iivari, Lasse; Heino, Saini; Alanen, Marjaana; Morinaga, Shinsuke; Inoue, Yoshio; Akiyama, Tsuyoshi - Detecting Phenophases of Subarctic Shrub Canopies by Using Automated Reflectance Measurements	1999
35	Smith, RCG; Adams, J; Stephens, DJ; Hick, PT - Forecasting wheat yield in a Mediterranean-type environment from the NOAA satellite	1995
36	Underwood, Emma; Ustin, Susan; DiPietro, Deanne - Mapping nonnative plants using hyperspectral imagery	2003
37	Wittich, K. P.; Hansing, O. - AREA-AVERAGED VEGETATIVE COVER FRACTION ESTIMATED FROM SATELLITE DATA	1995
38	Zarco-Tejada P.J.; Miller J.R. - Land Cover Mapping at BOREAS using red edge spectral parameters from CASI imagery	1999
39	Zarco-Tejada P.J.; Sepulcre-Cantó, G. - REMOTE SENSING OF VEGETATION BIOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS FOR DETECTING STRESS CONDITION AND LAND COVER CHANGES	2007

Export bibliographic references as: BibTeX • RIS (Endnote) • CSV

Visualisation of Indices

Sensor:

Indices:

Adjusted transformed soil-adjusted VI

Aerosol free vegetation index 1600

Ashburn Vegetation Index

Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index 2

Difference 800/680

Difference 833/658

Differenced Vegetation Index MSS

Enhanced Vegetation Index 2

Enhanced Vegetation Index 2

Ferric Oxides

Global Environment Monitoring Index

Global Vegetation Moisture Index

Gossan

Ideal vegetation index

Leaf Water Content Index

Log Ratio

Mid-infrared vegetation index

Modified Simple Ratio 670,800

Modified Simple Ratio NIR/RED

Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index

Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index hyper

Nonlinear vegetation index

Normalized Difference 750/650

Normalized Difference 750/660

Normalized Difference 750/680

Normalized Difference 774/677

Normalized Difference 782/666

Normalized Difference 790/670

Normalized Difference 800/635

Normalized Difference 800/650

Normalized Difference 800/675

Normalized Difference 800/680

Normalized Difference 819/1600

Normalized Difference 820/1600

Normalized Difference 827/668

Normalized Difference 833/658

Normalized Difference 860/1640

Normalized Difference 895/675

Normalized Difference 900/680

Normalized Difference MIR/NIR

Normalized Difference NIR/MIR

Normalized Difference NIR/Red

Normalized Difference NIR/SWIR

Normalized Difference Rededge/Red

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index C

Optimized Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index

Perpendicular Vegetation Index

Ratio Analysis of Reflectance Spectra A3

Ratio Analysis of Reflectance Spectra A4

RDVI

RDVI2

Reduced Simple Ratio

Reflectance at the inflexion point

Renormalized Difference Vegetation Index

SAVImir

Simple Ratio 1599/819

Simple Ratio 1600/820

Simple Ratio 605/760

Simple Ratio 678/750

Simple Ratio 774/677

Simple Ratio 800/600

Simple Ratio 800/635

Simple Ratio 800/650

Simple Ratio 800/670

Simple Ratio 800/675

Simple Ratio 800/680

Simple Ratio 801/670

Simple Ratio 833/658

Simple Ratio 900/680

Simple Ratio MIR/NIR

Simple Ratio MIR/Red

Simple Ratio MIR/SWIR

Simple Ratio NIR/MIR

Simple Ratio NIR/RED

Simple Ratio Red/NIR

Simple Ratio Rededge/Red

Simple Ratio SWIRI/NIR

Single Band 1020

Single Band 1040

Single Band 1580

Single Band 635

Single Band 640

Single Band 655

Single Band 660

Single Band 670

Single Band 675

Single Band 680

Single Band 735

Single Band 801

Single Band 850

Single Band 885

Single Band 910

Single Band 930

Single Band 970

Single Band 990

Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index

Soil and Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index

Soil and Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index 3

Soil Background Line

Soil Composition Index

Soil-adjusted vegetation index 2

Specific Leaf Area Vegetation Index

SQRT(IR/R)

Transformed NDVI

Transformed Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index

Transformed Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index 2

Weighted Difference Vegetation Index

Wide Dynamic Range Vegetation Index

List of Sensors